NTPsec

A-ntpsec-1-hour-stats

Report generated: Tue Oct 13 12:01:01 2026 UTC
Start Time: Tue Oct 13 11:00:33 2026 UTC
End Time: Tue Oct 13 12:01:01 2026 UTC
Report published: Tue Oct 13 05:01:12 AM 2026 PDT
Report Period: 0.0 days

Local Clock Time/Frequency Offsets

local offset plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Time Offset -2.090 -1.534 -0.925 -0.012 0.910 1.235 1.463 1.835 2.769 0.571 0.005 µs -0.2236 3.288
Local Clock Frequency Offset 129.776 129.990 130.386 131.821 133.087 133.759 133.942 2.701 3.769 0.766 131.796 ppb -0.08868 3.227

The time and frequency offsets between the ntpd calculated time and the local system clock. Showing frequency offset (red, in parts per million, scale on right) and the time offset (blue, in μs, scale on left). Quick changes in time offset will lead to larger frequency offsets.

These are fields 3 (time) and 4 (frequency) from the loopstats log file.



Local RMS Time Jitter

local jitter plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local RMS Time Jitter 0.416 0.434 0.524 0.722 1.014 1.117 1.255 0.490 0.683 0.149 0.743 µs 0.4986 3.222

The RMS Jitter of the local clock offset. In other words, how fast the local clock offset is changing.

Lower is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0μs.

RMS jitter is field 5 in the loopstats log file.



Local RMS Frequency Jitter

local stability plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local RMS Frequency Jitter 187.000 192.000 211.000 266.000 372.000 412.000 478.000 161.000 220.000 50.256 274.927 10e-12 0.8608 3.652

The RMS Frequency Jitter (aka wander) of the local clock's frequency. In other words, how fast the local clock changes frequency.

Lower is better. An ideal clock would be a horizontal line at 0ppm.

RMS Frequency Jitter is field 6 in the loopstats log file.



Local Clock Time Offset Histogram

local offset histogram plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Offset -2.090 -1.534 -0.925 -0.012 0.910 1.235 1.463 1.835 2.769 0.571 0.005 µs -0.2236 3.288

The clock offsets of the local clock as a histogram.

The Local Clock Offset is field 3 from the loopstats log file.



Local Temperatures

local temps plot

Local temperatures. These will be site-specific depending upon what temperature sensors you collect data from. Temperature changes affect the local clock crystal frequency and stability. The math of how temperature changes frequency is complex, and also depends on crystal aging. So there is no easy way to correct for it in software. This is the single most important component of frequency drift.

The Local Temperatures are from field 3 from the tempstats log file.



Local Frequency/Temp

local freq temps plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Frequency Offset 129.776 129.990 130.386 131.821 133.087 133.759 133.942 2.701 3.769 0.766 131.796 ppb -0.08868 3.227
Temp ZONE0 55.844 55.844 55.844 55.844 56.382 56.382 56.382 0.538 0.538 0.238 55.987 °C

The frequency offsets and temperatures. Showing frequency offset (red, in parts per million, scale on right) and the temperatures.

These are field 4 (frequency) from the loopstats log file, and field 3 from the tempstats log file.



Local GPS

local gps plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
nSats 9.000 9.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 12.000 12.000 2.000 3.000 0.876 10.049 nSat 0.1968 1.91
TDOP 0.510 0.510 0.600 0.740 1.080 1.140 1.140 0.480 0.630 0.175 0.790 0.4445 1.873

Local GPS. The Time Dilution of Precision (TDOP) is plotted in blue. The number of visible satellites (nSat) is plotted in red.

TDOP is field 3, and nSats is field 4, from the gpsd log file. The gpsd log file is created by the ntploggps program.

TDOP is a dimensionless error factor. Smaller numbers are better. TDOP ranges from 1 (ideal), 2 to 5 (good), to greater than 20 (poor). Some GNSS receivers report TDOP less than one which is theoretically impossible.



Server Offsets

peer offsets plot

The offset of all refclocks and servers. This can be useful to see if offset changes are happening in a single clock or all clocks together.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 162.159.200.123

peer offset 162.159.200.123 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 162.159.200.123 2.036 2.036 2.036 4.558 4.732 4.732 4.732 2.696 2.696 0.872 4.011 ms -1.081 2.808

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 169.229.128.134

peer offset 169.229.128.134 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 169.229.128.134 4.955 4.955 4.955 5.055 5.222 5.222 5.222 0.267 0.267 0.086 5.064 ms 0.6409 2.215

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 173.8.172.33

peer offset 173.8.172.33 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 173.8.172.33 -0.542 -0.542 -0.542 2.690 3.946 3.946 3.946 4.488 4.488 1.382 2.014 ms -0.4971 1.855

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 50.116.42.84

peer offset 50.116.42.84 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 50.116.42.84 1.625 1.625 1.625 3.440 3.656 3.656 3.656 2.031 2.031 0.519 3.268 ms -2.38 7.476

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 52.10.183.132

peer offset 52.10.183.132 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 52.10.183.132 1.122 1.122 1.122 3.568 5.443 5.443 5.443 4.322 4.322 1.316 3.800 ms -0.78 2.608

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 64.142.122.36

peer offset 64.142.122.36 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 64.142.122.36 1.932 1.932 1.932 4.389 4.579 4.579 4.579 2.647 2.647 0.831 3.841 ms -0.8982 2.681

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset 66.220.9.122

peer offset 66.220.9.122 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset 66.220.9.122 1.680 1.680 1.680 4.589 4.648 4.648 4.648 2.968 2.968 0.958 4.058 ms -1.484 3.793

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset SHM(0)

peer offset SHM(0) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset SHM(0) -132.245 -132.245 -132.156 -130.631 -129.129 -128.986 -128.986 3.027 3.259 0.970 -130.662 ms -0.03236 1.769

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Offset SHM(1)

peer offset SHM(1) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Offset SHM(1) -2.091 -1.535 -0.926 -0.013 0.911 1.236 1.464 1.837 2.771 0.572 0.005 µs -0.2228 3.281

The offset of a server in seconds. This is useful to see how the measured offset is behaving.

The chart also plots offset±rtt, where rtt is the round trip time to the server. NTP can not really know the offset of a remote chimer, NTP computes it by subtracting rtt/2 from the offset. Plotting the offset±rtt reverses this calculation to more easily see the effects of rtt changes.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s. Typical 90% ranges may be: local LAN server 80µs; 90% ranges for WAN server may be 4ms and much larger.

Clock Offset is field 5 in the peerstats log file. The Round Trip Time (rtt) is field 6 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitters

peer jitters plot

The RMS Jitter of all refclocks and servers. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 162.159.200.123

peer jitter 162.159.200.123 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 162.159.200.123 0.466 0.466 0.466 0.759 2.554 2.554 2.554 2.088 2.088 0.563 0.963 ms 1.696 5.02

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 169.229.128.134

peer jitter 169.229.128.134 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 169.229.128.134 0.213 0.213 0.213 0.771 1.283 1.283 1.283 1.070 1.070 0.323 0.731 ms 0.2626 1.861

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 173.8.172.33

peer jitter 173.8.172.33 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 173.8.172.33 1.711 1.711 1.711 3.180 19.897 19.897 19.897 18.186 18.186 7.143 7.176 ms 0.9456 2.113

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 50.116.42.84

peer jitter 50.116.42.84 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 50.116.42.84 0.605 0.605 0.605 1.035 12.229 12.229 12.229 11.624 11.624 3.931 2.700 ms 1.959 4.966

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 52.10.183.132

peer jitter 52.10.183.132 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 52.10.183.132 0.834 0.834 0.834 1.960 10.820 10.820 10.820 9.986 9.986 3.964 4.233 ms 0.8361 1.769

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 64.142.122.36

peer jitter 64.142.122.36 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 64.142.122.36 0.370 0.370 0.370 1.179 7.582 7.582 7.582 7.212 7.212 2.371 2.087 ms 1.698 4.063

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter 66.220.9.122

peer jitter 66.220.9.122 plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter 66.220.9.122 0.292 0.292 0.292 1.015 15.179 15.179 15.179 14.887 14.887 4.094 2.446 ms 2.686 8.533

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter SHM(0)

peer jitter SHM(0) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter SHM(0) 0.131 0.131 0.221 0.382 1.065 1.342 1.342 0.844 1.211 0.266 0.484 ms 1.21 3.949

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Server Jitter SHM(1)

peer jitter SHM(1) plot

Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Server Jitter SHM(1) 0.266 0.316 0.402 0.731 1.340 1.906 2.142 0.938 1.590 0.305 0.770 µs 1.3 5.363

The RMS Jitter of a server. Jitter is the current estimated dispersion, in other words the variation in offset between samples.

Closer to 0s is better. An ideal system would be a horizontal line at 0s.

RMS Jitter is field 8 in the peerstats log file.



Summary


Percentiles...... Ranges...... Skew- Kurt-
Name Min1%5%50%95% 99%Max   90%98%StdDev  MeanUnits nessosis
Local Clock Frequency Offset 129.776 129.990 130.386 131.821 133.087 133.759 133.942 2.701 3.769 0.766 131.796 ppb -0.08868 3.227
Local Clock Time Offset -2.090 -1.534 -0.925 -0.012 0.910 1.235 1.463 1.835 2.769 0.571 0.005 µs -0.2236 3.288
Local RMS Frequency Jitter 187.000 192.000 211.000 266.000 372.000 412.000 478.000 161.000 220.000 50.256 274.927 10e-12 0.8608 3.652
Local RMS Time Jitter 0.416 0.434 0.524 0.722 1.014 1.117 1.255 0.490 0.683 0.149 0.743 µs 0.4986 3.222
Server Jitter 162.159.200.123 0.466 0.466 0.466 0.759 2.554 2.554 2.554 2.088 2.088 0.563 0.963 ms 1.696 5.02
Server Jitter 169.229.128.134 0.213 0.213 0.213 0.771 1.283 1.283 1.283 1.070 1.070 0.323 0.731 ms 0.2626 1.861
Server Jitter 173.8.172.33 1.711 1.711 1.711 3.180 19.897 19.897 19.897 18.186 18.186 7.143 7.176 ms 0.9456 2.113
Server Jitter 50.116.42.84 0.605 0.605 0.605 1.035 12.229 12.229 12.229 11.624 11.624 3.931 2.700 ms 1.959 4.966
Server Jitter 52.10.183.132 0.834 0.834 0.834 1.960 10.820 10.820 10.820 9.986 9.986 3.964 4.233 ms 0.8361 1.769
Server Jitter 64.142.122.36 0.370 0.370 0.370 1.179 7.582 7.582 7.582 7.212 7.212 2.371 2.087 ms 1.698 4.063
Server Jitter 66.220.9.122 0.292 0.292 0.292 1.015 15.179 15.179 15.179 14.887 14.887 4.094 2.446 ms 2.686 8.533
Server Jitter SHM(0) 0.131 0.131 0.221 0.382 1.065 1.342 1.342 0.844 1.211 0.266 0.484 ms 1.21 3.949
Server Jitter SHM(1) 0.266 0.316 0.402 0.731 1.340 1.906 2.142 0.938 1.590 0.305 0.770 µs 1.3 5.363
Server Offset 162.159.200.123 2.036 2.036 2.036 4.558 4.732 4.732 4.732 2.696 2.696 0.872 4.011 ms -1.081 2.808
Server Offset 169.229.128.134 4.955 4.955 4.955 5.055 5.222 5.222 5.222 0.267 0.267 0.086 5.064 ms 0.6409 2.215
Server Offset 173.8.172.33 -0.542 -0.542 -0.542 2.690 3.946 3.946 3.946 4.488 4.488 1.382 2.014 ms -0.4971 1.855
Server Offset 50.116.42.84 1.625 1.625 1.625 3.440 3.656 3.656 3.656 2.031 2.031 0.519 3.268 ms -2.38 7.476
Server Offset 52.10.183.132 1.122 1.122 1.122 3.568 5.443 5.443 5.443 4.322 4.322 1.316 3.800 ms -0.78 2.608
Server Offset 64.142.122.36 1.932 1.932 1.932 4.389 4.579 4.579 4.579 2.647 2.647 0.831 3.841 ms -0.8982 2.681
Server Offset 66.220.9.122 1.680 1.680 1.680 4.589 4.648 4.648 4.648 2.968 2.968 0.958 4.058 ms -1.484 3.793
Server Offset SHM(0) -132.245 -132.245 -132.156 -130.631 -129.129 -128.986 -128.986 3.027 3.259 0.970 -130.662 ms -0.03236 1.769
Server Offset SHM(1) -2.091 -1.535 -0.926 -0.013 0.911 1.236 1.464 1.837 2.771 0.572 0.005 µs -0.2228 3.281
TDOP 0.510 0.510 0.600 0.740 1.080 1.140 1.140 0.480 0.630 0.175 0.790 0.4445 1.873
Temp ZONE0 55.844 55.844 55.844 55.844 56.382 56.382 56.382 0.538 0.538 0.238 55.987 °C
nSats 9.000 9.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 12.000 12.000 2.000 3.000 0.876 10.049 nSat 0.1968 1.91
Summary as CSV file


Glossary:

frequency offset:
The difference between the ntpd calculated frequency and the local system clock frequency (usually in parts per million, ppm)
jitter, dispersion:
The short term change in a value. NTP measures Local Time Jitter, Refclock Jitter, and Server Jitter in seconds. Local Frequency Jitter is in ppm or ppb.
ms, millisecond:
One thousandth of a second = 0.001 seconds, 1e-3 seconds
mu, mean:
The arithmetic mean: the sum of all the values divided by the number of values. The formula for mu is: "mu = (∑xi) / N". Where xi denotes the data points and N is the number of data points.
ns, nanosecond:
One billionth of a second, also one thousandth of a microsecond, 0.000000001 seconds and 1e-9 seconds.
percentile:
The value below which a given percentage of values fall.
ppb, parts per billion:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ppb, one in one billion, 1/1,000,000,000, 0.000,000,001, 1e-9 and 0.000,000,1%
ppm, parts per million:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ppm, one in one million, 1/1,000,000, 0.000,001, and 0.000,1%
‰, parts per thousand:
Ratio between two values. These following are all the same: 1 ‰. one in one thousand, 1/1,000, 0.001, and 0.1%
refclock:
Reference clock, a local GPS module or other local source of time.
remote clock:
Any clock reached over the network, LAN or WAN. Also called a peer or server.
time offset:
The difference between the ntpd calculated time and the local system clock's time. Also called phase offset.
σ, sigma:
Sigma denotes the standard deviation (SD) and is centered on the arithmetic mean of the data set. The SD is simply the square root of the variance of the data set. Two sigma is simply twice the standard deviation. Three sigma is three times sigma. Smaller is better.
The formula for sigma is: "σ = √[ ∑(xi-mu)^2 / N ]". Where xi denotes the data points and N is the number of data points.
Skewness, Skew:
The skewness of a random variable X is the third standardized moment and is a dimension-less ratio. ntpviz uses the FIsher-Pearson moment of skewness. There are other different ways to calculate Skewness Wikipedia describes Skewness best: "The qualitative interpretation of the skew is complicated and unintuitive."
A normal distribution has a skewness of zero.
Kurtosis, Kurt:
The kurtosis of a random variable X is the fourth standardized moment and is a dimension-less ratio. ntpviz uses standard Kurtosis. There are other different ways to calculate Kurtosis.
A normal distribution has a Kurtosis of three. NIST describes a kurtosis over three as "heavy tailed" and one under three as "light tailed".
upstream clock:
Any server or reference clock used as a source of time.
µs, us, microsecond:
One millionth of a second, also one thousandth of a millisecond, 0.000,001 seconds, and 1e-6 seconds.



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